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条形码是目前在各行各业中使用最广泛的物体识别技术。然而，它存储的数据量小，使得条码存在一些局限性。在这种情况下，RFID技术作为一种解决方案应运而生，它通过芯片存储信息并无线传输到阅读器，无需物理接触，并且允许同时读取多个信息。Checkpoint保点作为全球领先的RFID解决方案供应商，我们为全球供应链、物流仓储、智能制造、医疗健康等多个行业提供专业的RFID集成解决方案，帮助企业提升物品追踪、库存管理及生产效率。同时，保点RFID解决方案助力欧盟DPP实现落地应用的实例方案，以智能化数字化方式为企业提供更便捷的操作流程。

以下，Checkpoint公司将深入探讨RFID芯片主要特点以及其工作原理，更好的理解保点RFID标签为不同垂直市场带来的创新价值。

Barcodes are currently the most widely used technology for object identification. However, they have certain limitations, such as the small amount of data they can store and the inability to update it once encoded. In this context, RFID technology emerged as a solution, using silicon chips to transfer stored information to a reader without physical contact wirelessly. Additionally, RFID doesn’t require a straightforward view and allows for the simultaneous reading of multiple items, unlike barcode scanning which is done one at a time.

In this post, we’ll dive into what RFID chips are, how they work, and their key features.

What are RFID chips?

Before discovering how RFID chips work, it is important to know what they are all about. This is a tiny electronic device that can store data and transmit it wirelessly when powered. RFID chips are connected to antennas and in that form, factors can be embedded in different types of products, such as tags or cards.

Its main function is to store information about a product or item, such as serial number, date of manufacture, or location, allowing it to be identified quickly and efficiently at a distance without direct contact.

How does an RFID chip work?

To understand how an RFID chip works, you can think of it as a device that only sends information when it receives power. In the case of passive chips, this occurs when a reader emits a radio signal that activates the chip through its antenna. In active chips, on the other hand, the chip has an internal battery that allows it to transmit data independently of the reader’s signal.

RFID inlays are composed of three main elements: the chip, the antenna, and a PET base material that supports and connects these components. The chip stores information, typically a unique identifier. RFID antenna enables the chip to communicate by receiving and sending radio signals. Finally, the reader transmits a radiofrequency signal, which activates the chip and retrieves its data.

Types of RFID Chips

RFID chips can be categorized based on their frequency, power source, and memory capacity:

Frequency-based:

• Low Frequency (LF): Operating between 125 and 134 kHz, LF chips are ideal for short-range uses (up to 10 cm), such as key fob systems for access control.
• High Frequency (HF): Operating at 13.56 MHz, these chips have a range of up to 1 meter and are often used in contactless payment cards.
• Ultra-High Frequency (UHF): Ranging from 300 MHz to 3 GHz, UHF chips can be read from distances up to 12 meters, making them perfect for inventory management and logistics.

Memory-based:

• Read-Only Memory (ROM): These chips come pre-programmed with data that cannot be changed.
• Rewritable Memory (EEPROM): These allow the stored data to be modified or updated, which is useful in applications where the information needs to change over time.

Applications for RFID Chips

RFID chips are present in almost every aspect of our daily lives, from medical devices to automobiles, computers, and smartphones. In addition to these uses, chips are also found in RFID systems, where they facilitate the identification, tracking, and management of assets in various industries.

In the logistics sector, for example, RFID tags enable accurate, real-time tracking of products from manufacturing to final delivery. This reduces errors and losses, improving efficiency in inventory management and shipment control.

In stores, the use of RFID tags, which include both the chip and an antenna, facilitates inventory management, enables detailed product tracking, and streamlines checkout processes through fast, contactless payments. In addition, in periods when stocking the main items is key, it makes it possible to know exactly how many products are in each store and the warehouses, and thus avoid stock-outs.

Another use case for tags is in libraries and bookstores. These can manage the loan and return of books more quickly and efficiently, which optimizes inventory and reduces errors in the registration of copies.

In supermarkets and food stores, RFID labels streamline inventory control and improve the efficiency of best-before-date management, helping to avoid waste and optimize product rotation.

The use cases that can be applied to RFID are infinite, as they can automate product tracking and reduce the need for manual intervention. RFID represents a revolutionary technology for industries that depend on accurate and efficient tracking, inventory management, and data collection. Enabling contactless communication and storing valuable product information, RFID systems significantly reduce errors, streamline operations, and improve productivity. From retail to logistics, RFID adoption improves resource management and customer experience.